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Peptide Name
Adiponectin precursor
Synonym
30 kDa adipocyte complement-related protein,ACRP30,Adipose most abundant gene transcript 1,Gelatin-binding protein,
Swiss ID
APM1_HUMAN
Gene Name
APM1 OR ACRP30 OR GBP28.
Comment
FUNCTION: important negative regulator in hematopoiesis and immune systems; may be involved in ending inflammatory responses through its inhibitory functions. inhibits endothelial nf-kappab signaling through a camp-dependent pathway. inhibits tnf-alpha-induced expression of endothelial adhesion molecules.
SUBUNIT: homooligomer (potential).
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: secreted in plasma.
TISSUE SPECIFICITY: expressed only in the adipose tissue.
SIMILARITY: contains a collagenous domain.
SIMILARITY: contains 1 c1q domain
Reference Review
1. DESCRIPTION
DESCRIPTION Adiponectin is a hormone secreted by adipocytes that regulates energy homeostasis and glucose and lipid metabolism. Adipocytes also produce and secrete proteins such as leptin (LEP; 164160), adipsin (factor D; 134350), various other complement components (e.g., properdin (see 138470) and C3a (see 120700)), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF; 191160), suggesting a possible link to the immune system. Adiponectin, an adipose tissue-specific plasma protein, has antiinflammatory effects on the cellular components of the vascular wall (Ouchi et al., 1999, 2000).
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2. MOLECULAR GENETICS
MOLECULAR GENETICS By direct sequencing and restriction fragment polymorphism analysis, identified 2 nucleotide changes in the adiponectin gene in 219 Japanese subjects. A conservative G-to-T substitution at nucleotide 94 of exon 2 was associated with higher but not statistically significant plasma adiponectin values. The allelic frequency of T (71%) was not different between the 142 nonobese and 77 obese subjects. One nonobese individual with coronary artery disease, lung thrombosis, and autoimmune disease had a missense mutation (arg112 to cys; 605441.0001) and a markedly low concentration of plasma adiponectin (1.16 microg/ml).
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3. OTHER FEATURES
OTHER FEATURES Comuzzie et al. (2001) assayed serum levels of adiponectin in 1,100 adults of predominantly northern European ancestry distributed across 170 families. Quantitative genetic analysis of adiponectin levels detected an additive genetic heritability of 46%. They identified 2 quantitative trait loci influencing adiponectin expression: one on chromosome 5 (606770), and the other on chromosome 14 (606771). The detection of a significant linkage with a quantitative trait locus on chromosome 5 provides strong evidence for a replication of a previously reported quantitative trait locus for obesity-related phenotypes.
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Sequence Comment
1-14
SIGNAL
POTENTIAL.
15-244
CHAIN
ADIPONECTIN.
42-107
DOMAIN
COLLAGEN-LIKE.
108-244
DOMAIN
C1Q.
36-36
DISULFID
INTERCHAIN (BY SIMILARITY).
44-44
MOD_RES
HYDROXYLATION (BY SIMILARITY).
47-47
MOD_RES
HYDROXYLATION (BY SIMILARITY).
53-53
MOD_RES
HYDROXYLATION (BY SIMILARITY).
62-62
MOD_RES
HYDROXYLATION (BY SIMILARITY).
71-71
MOD_RES
HYDROXYLATION (BY SIMILARITY).
76-76
MOD_RES
HYDROXYLATION (BY SIMILARITY).
86-86
MOD_RES
HYDROXYLATION (BY SIMILARITY).
95-95
MOD_RES
HYDROXYLATION (BY SIMILARITY).
104-104
MOD_RES
HYDROXYLATION (BY SIMILARITY).
Length
244AA
Molecular Weight
26414
Species:
Homo sapiens (Human).
Sequence: 
        1    MLLLGAVLLL LALPGHDQET TTQGPGVLLP LPKGACTGWM AGIPGHPGHN GAPGRDGRDG TPGEKGEKGD PGLIGPKGDI GETGVPGAEG PRGFPGIQGR    100
      101    KGEPGEGAYV YRSAFSVGLE TYVTIPNMPI RFTKIFYNQQ NHYDGSTGKF HCNIPGLYYF AYHITVYMKD VKVSLFKKDK AMLFTYDQYQ ENNVDQASGS    200
      201    VLLHLEVGDQ VWLQVYGEGE RNGLYADNDN DSTFTGFLLY HDTN